Method of framing glass.



Patented July 8, I902. J. TALUAU & H. W. SCATTERGOUD. I

METHOD OF FRAMING GLASS.

(Application filed June 30, 1897.)

7 (No Model.)

Attorney.

Inventors. JLZMM. M

STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JULIUS TALUAU AND HENRY IV. SCATTERGOOD, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD OF FRAMING GLASS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 704,400, dated July 8,1902.

Application filed June 30,1897. erial No. 642,966. (No specimens.)

To (tZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JULIUS TALUAU and HENRY W. SoATTERoooD, citizens ofthe United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county ofPhiladelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new anduseful Improvement in Framing Glass and other Objects, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description.

In a prior invention ofv one of the joint inventors hereof ownedby thesejoint inventors (see application of Julius Tainan filed De .cember16,1895, Serial No. 572,318) provision is made for uniting the componentparts of stained -glass windows, mosaics, and other objects by theelectrodeposition of a frame which extends between the adjacent edges ofthe component parts and also around the perimeter of the object as awhole. The present invention comprehends improvements on the principleof that invention, and these improvements are, first, a metallizedsupport of wax or other material for the component parts of the objectduring the process of electrodeposition of the frame; second, buildingup the frame by a combination of an electrodeposited shell, base, orfoundation and a filling of material which is itself electrically'conductive or may be rendered so, or which may be inert or neutral, and yethave the capacity of amalgamating or intimately mixing or u niting withor adhering to the electrically-deposited shell and the component partsof the object to be framed, or which may serve simply as apacking orfilling.

Having thus stated the principle of our invention, we will proceed nowto describe the best mode in which we have contemplated applying thatprinciple and then will particularly point out and distinctly claim thepart or improvement which we claim as our invention.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating our invention, in the severalfigures of which like parts are similarly designated, Figure 1 shows inplan View a simple design for a stained-glass window arranged upon ametallic or metallized conductor and the latter sustained upon anon-conducting support. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the same, showingthe building up of the frame. Fig. 3 is a cross section of a fragment ona larger scale or exaggerated, showing one form of composite framing.Fig. 4 is an exaggerated cross-section of a fragment showing anotherform of composite framing. Figs. 5 and 6 are similar views illustratingthe two steps of still another modification. Fig. 7 shows threedifferent supports constructed to facilitate the removal of the framedobject.

In carrying out our invention we proceed as followsz We take a support aof wood or other non-conductor or of any other material that is or maybe made non-conductive of electricity and having suificientlrigidity tosupport the object to be framed, and this support is covered with a filmor layer of Wax b or other-substance of sufficient tenacity andadhesiveness to hold the pieces of glass or other stuff to be framed orto which such pieces may be affixed in a removable manner. The pieces ofglass or other stud to be framed are then applied to the layer 1), withspaces 0 between their adjacent edges, and then a frame, composed ofmovable or fixed members d, is arranged upon the support around theassembled pieces to be framed and separated therefrom by spaces 61.Plumbago or other electrically-conductive substance in powdered form isthen dusted over the whole surface, so as to get a layer of theconducting substance in all of the spaces, the surplus being brushed orwashed off from the exposed faces of the glass or other stuff to beframed. The whole is then placed in an electrolytic bath and properconnections made with the source of electricity and deposition of theelectrolyte in the spaces progresses until the spaces are practicallyfilled to the face of the object. (See Fig. 2.) To hasten the action, wemay first put the object in a sulfate of copper or other suitable bathand precipitate a preliminary filling foundation or shell by theaddition of iron filings and then remove the object to the electrolyticbath and proceed with the deposition in that way, or we may provide ashell or foundationin either of the ways above mentioned and then fillup the spaces to the top or nearly to the top with copper or othermetallic filings of suitable conductivity, and then, if-desi'red,surfacefinish by cloctrodeposition or otherwise, (see Fig. 3,) or we mayfill tip the. spaces with alternate layers of electrodeposited metal,

and suitable filling, (see Fig. 4,) or we may use as a filling suitablecements in a plastic condition, such as Portland or hydraulic cement, orwe may employ solder in connection with the electrodeposited, metal orthe electrodeposited metal and filling. The filling when of a plastic orfusible form may form theouter surface of the framing withof metal inthe electrolytic bath is made upon,

the filings and up to and beyondthe surface of the pieces, after whichwe remove from the support and wash out or otherwise detach the loosefilling, and then place upon the support in reversed position and againdeposit until the spaces are full. In this way, if need be, the edges ofthe deposit may be made to overlap the pieces of glass on both sideswhere the pieces to be united are of substantially equal height.

In the practice ofour invention we esteem it of importance that whateverthe nature of the material used for filling the first regard must be hadto the rigidity of the framing when finished. This is of vitalimportance, especially in stained-glass windows and mosaic-work wherethe object is exposed to the elements. The use of a filling expeditesand reduces the cost of the process.

By the use of the movable members d the framingmay be extended in evenlines around the perimeter of the object, as indicated by the spaces 6,Fig. 1, and as shown atf, Fig. 2.

We do not limit our invention to its use in connection with bits ofglass or other materials such are used in stained-glass windows andmosaic-work; but we mean to include as within our invention objects aswell of regu- Ian as of irregular form. Our invention is applicable alsoto the manufacture of globes and shades for gas and electric lights.

The vital point of ourinvention is the provision of a rigid homogeneousor essentially homogeneous framing. After the framing has been formedthe object so framed may be removed from the layer 1) by the decomposi-I tion of such layer by means of a suitable reagent, or by melting oifthe layer, or in any other suitable or convenient way. The layer bforms, therefore, simply a fugitive or ternporary conducting-surface. Inorder to facilitate the removal of the object from the wax, we mayprovide the support with any suitable ledges--such as tacks g, strips h,or

pieces i-inserted in or laid upon the surface of the support, as shownin Fig. 7, and apply the wax to the support to a greater height thanthese added pieces or projections, so that when the wax is ineltedolfdown to or a lit tle below the outer edges of these added pieces theframed object will rest. upon the said added pieces free of the wax andmay be readily removed.

While we have referred'to wax as the medium interposed between thesupport and the object to be formed, we wish to be understood as notlimiting our invention thereto, since pieces maybe otherwise attached tothe support. We wish further to observe that the finishing of theproduct may be accomplished either in a single application in theelectrolytic bath or by a second application-. that is to say, after asufficient deposit has been made by exposure in the electrolytic bathand the temporary conducting-surface removed the product may be exposedagain to the electrolytic bath and both sides of the product subjectedto the action of the bath for the additional or further deposit of metalon the exposed deposited surfacesand by this means ledges may be made tooverhang the edges of 'the pieces or sections of glass, &c.

face to which the precepitated metal may adhere. In precipitating afirstfilm a metallic foundation is afforded and the subsequenteleetrodeposition takes place at once all over the article, whereaswithout the precipitated first film the electrodeposit grows much moreslowly and spreads over the entire object only gradually.

What we claim is 1. The method of mounting tile-like sec tions whichconsists in arranging the sections in the desired ,manner on a supportwith spaces between the sections, the support being provided with aconducting-surface along the spaces between the edges of the sections,exposing the whole in an electrolytic bath until the interstices betweenthe sections are filled with the deposit formed, then continuing theexposure until the deposited metal is in the form of an I-beam.

2. The method of framing sections of glass and other material, whichconsists in providin g a wax-like support with a conducting-surface,arranging the sections on such surface in the desired relation and withspaces between them, exposing the whole in an electrolytic bath untilthe interstices between the sections are filled with the deposit made onthe exposed conducting-surfaces, then melting .ofi or otherwisedetaching the support.

. 3. The method of framing sections of glass and other'material,which'eonsists in providing a body of wax to which the glass may betemporarily applied, and having a conducting-surface, arranging theobjects on such surface in the desired relation and with spaces ICCbetween them, exposing the whole in an electrolytic bath and depositingin the spaces the material of the electrolyte, and then removing fromthe bath and melting off or otherwise detaching the wax, substantiallyas described.

l. The method of framing sections of glass and other material, whichconsists in providing a fugitive body to which the glass may betemporarily applied, and having a conducting-surface, arranging suchfugitive body upon a support having non-fugitive projections below thesurface of the fugitive body, arranging the objects to be framed on suchsurface, and in the desired relation, and with spaces between them,exposing the whole in an electrolytic bath, and depositing in the spacesthe material of the electrolyte, and then removing from the bath anddisplacing the fugitive body down to or below the outer edges of thenon-fugitive projections on the support, substantially as described.

5. The method of framing pieces of glass or other substance, whichconsistsin providing a temporary support for such pieces, arranging thepieces on such support in the desired relation and with interveningspaces, provid ing a metallic or metallized foundation in said spaces,removing the object from the bath and then filling or partly filling thespaces above such foundation with a suitable material and confining itbetween the foundation and the pieces, and then removing from thetemporary support, substantially as described.

6. The method of framing pieces of glass or other substance, whichconsists in providing a temporary support for such pieces, arranging thepieces on such support in the desired relation and with interveningspaces, forming a metallic or metallized foundation in said spaces,removing the object from the bath, then filling or partly filling thespaces above such foundation with a suitable material, finishing thesurface of the filling by electrodeposition of metal, and then removingfrom the temporary support, substantially as d6",

scribed.

7. The method of framing pieces or sections of glass or other material,which consists in providing a removable conducting-surface, placingthereon the pieces or sections in proper relation and with interveningspaces, depositing a metallic foundation in said spaces, then fillingthe spaces with alternate layers of metallic filings andelectrically-deposited metal, and then removing the removableconducting-surface, substantially as described.

8. The method of framing pieces or sections of glass, which consists inproviding a removable conducting-surface and a suitable supporttherefor, placing on such surface the pieces or sections in properrelation with intervening spaces,surrounding the object thus formed witha frame between which and the object a space is left, and then buildingup the framing in said several spaces by the electrodeposition of asuitable metal, and then removing the conducting-surface, substantiallyas described.

9. The method of framing pieces or sections of glass or other material,which consists in providing a temporary conducting-surface, placingthereon the pieces in proper relation and with intervening spaces,exposing in the electrolytic bath and depositing metal in theinterstices, removing the conducting-surface so as to expose both sidesof the product, and forming ledges on the exposed surfaces of thedeposited metal to overhang the edges of the glass or other pieces, by afurther exposure in the electrolytic bath, substantially as described.

10. The method of framing pieces or sections of glass or other material,which consists in providing a temporary support having aconducting-surface, and arrangingthereon the pieces or sections inproper relation and with intervening spaces, exposing the object in anelectrolytic bath and depositing the metal in such spaces against theconducting-surface,

removing the object from the bath and support, and again exposing in thebath, substantially as described.

11. As an improved article of manufacture, 5

within the plane of their faces, and a superstructure of finely dividedfilling material bound in between the foundation and the said pieces orsections, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our,hands this 29th day June,A. D. 1897.

JULIUS TALUAU. HENRY "W. SCATTERGOOD.

\Vitnesses:

WM. 11. FINcKEL, PHILIP F. LARNER.

ICC

